To date, there is no reliable method of diagnosis that will give a hundred percent results in the disease pathogens and the degree of process activity.Compared to other methods, the blood test of parasites is the most accurate.Only in this way can you get information about the presence of a particular microorganism, despite its vital action cycle, eggs and larvae.
Why is it important to have an accurate diagnosis of helminths?Almost all antiparasitic agents presented in the pharmaceutical market have a wide range of activities in relation to different groups of worms.
However, the treatment period varies, depending on the type of disease, it can be from 1 day to several months.At the same time, helminths affect the work of the whole human body.
Their development is accompanied by physiological changes such as:
- Desensitization (permanent allergic reaction).
- Constant lack of vitamins and various elements.With parasitic invasion, the structure of the epithelial intestinal cells is damaged, as a result, the absorption of various nutrients is disturbed.
- Changes in hormonal background.
- Holy disorders (this is also reflected in the usual blood test).Increase blood flow permeability.
- Chronic digestive pathologies (liver disease and biliary tract development, pancreatic inflammation, intestines), endocrine (diabetes), bronchial lung (bronchial asthma) system.
- Exacerbation of allergic diseases.
- Emotional disorders (chronic fatigue, irritability, mood, insomnia, constant alarm, abnormal hyperactivity).
- Exercise on a difficult course of diseases caused by viruses and infections due to immunodeficiency.
It is also recommended to confirm the diagnosis from the blood test to the parasites when specific symptoms of helminthesis appear.Let's take the most common consideration.Possible infection with pinworms (enterobiosis) is confirmed by itching in the anus area, which significantly increases in the evening and at night.Its intensity depends on the power of the invasion.Sometimes it is not limited to the anus, but it refers to the external genitals.A constant combination can cause infectious complications.
The invasion of blazothale (trichocephalus) is accompanied by general weakness, increased fatigue, pain in the right Iliak region, diarrhea is constantly changing with constipation, sometimes with feces.Strongyloidosis occurs with constant temperature fluctuations, chest rash, buttocks, belly, lower back and thighs, stench diarrhea (7 times a day).
Symptoms of trichinellosis include symptoms of severe intoxication, facial edema, and severe muscle pain.It is dangerous to defeat almost all internal organs and the central nervous system.Toxocarosis is also characterized by dry cough of the night.Sometimes toxocar larvae enter the brain with blood flow.In this case, the patient may have seizures and other neurological symptoms.
Almost all parasites are characterized by a set of clinical signs consisting of:
- Pain and abdominal cavity;
- Nausea, less often - vomiting;
- Feces disorders;
- Strengthening;
- Allergic manifestations.
Currently, the most common method of diagnosis of helminthesis is serological immunosorbent blood test for parasites.Decoding this study is based on the detection of certain antibodies that arise in response to foreign microorganism antigens.
The advantage of immunoformal analysis (ELISA) is its diversity.Such techniques are used to diagnose worms, both in adulthood and in the child.Treatment with different medicines does not have a significant effect on the results.The only thing that can affect antibodies is the state of immunodeficiency.In addition, this blood test for parasites is a comprehensive, ie identifying several pathogens at once
How to check parasites, what tests to do, prepare for research
How to check parasites, what tests can be performed at the clinical and diagnostic center.Now they offer many packages for difficult diagnostics that include studies on all common helminth and protoosas.His behavior does not require special training.
For reliable results, doctors recommend that you do not eat 8-10 hours before analysis, in the morning blood on a strongly empty stomach in the morning.In addition, they are advised to refrain from fatty and sweet foods, alcohol.Stress, intense physical effort should be avoided.If the drug comes in early time, you need to wrap it for a few hours and drink it after analysis.
The blood fence is made from the vein.1-3 ml is sufficient to conduct the study.Then the nurse asks for an elbow and stay in this position for 10-15 minutes.This is necessary to prevent bruises.The result will be ready in 3-5 days.
In medical literature, the IFA methodology is described using a specific terminology, which is simply incomprehensible without appropriate education, which is just interested in how to check the parasites, what tests to pass.
Under the laboratory conditions, they take a special tablet with cells in which a certain parasite antigen is preserved in advance.A small amount of blood serum is added.Then, using the devices, a photometry is carried out, where specific markers are evaluated."Classic" research includes: Giardia, toxoplasmes, Trichomonas, Helminthiases (Pinworms, Ascarides, toxocars, Echinococci, Echinococci, Opistarchy, Trichinellela).
As a result of ELISA, three types of antibodies can be distinguished:
- Igm, Determine the infection for 2.5-4 weeks;
- IGA, It arises from the first days of the disease and is determined before healing;
- Igg, Starting from 4 weeks of the disease, the titles are reduced only after 1-1.5 months after recovering.
The report on the presence of a parasitic infection is based on the ratio of these antibodies.Their absence indicates that there is no helminth invasion.ELISA's specificity and reliability is about 90%.
False positive and false negative consequences occur in various failures during the work of the immune system.Thus, not only ELISA data but also the clinical picture are taken into account when making a diagnosis.If necessary, the patient is sent for additional examinations.
Analyzes in adults and children for parasites
There are other ways to identify helminth invasion.
The presence of such a disease can be said that general blood tests are being tested.
They pay attention to signs such as long-term that lasts for several months, with an increase in eosinophil levels (normal values ranging from 1-5%), some types of helminth anemia (decreased hemoglobin concentration).
A common analysis of parasites in a child is a well -known spying for all enterobiosis.
To do this, as soon as you wake up, without leaving the bed and without washing, it is necessary to put the buttocks and attach the tape to the tape and the skin around it.Then it is sticky on the item and belongs to the lab for 1.5 hours.
But this study allows you to determine only one type of parasite.It is absolutely not suitable for identifying lamb and other protozoa.The analysis of Calais speaks louder.In this case, you can detect the larvae of Ascar and various worms, helminthic pathogens, parasitic in the intestine.But the negative result does not always mean a lack of disease.Thus, for a reliable diagnosis, various parasites tests are needed in the child.
A negative feces analysis may appear if the worms have not yet reached the last part of the digestive system, or they have already passed the multiplication cycle.Some medicines can also affect data.Therefore, it is recommended to repeat the study after a few days.
But the most reliable analysis of parasites in adults and children is diagnosed with a polymerase chain reaction or abbreviated PCR.At the same time, experts determine the DNA of the pathogen in the patient's blood.It is clear that in this method of study, the probability of false data is insignificant.The analysis will give an accurate result even at the initial stage of invasion.
PCR is usually prescribed to confirm the diagnosis.The widespread use of this method limits the high value for preventive purposes.In adults, parasite examination indications are problems with immunity, general deterioration of well -being, temperature of obscure etiology, cough and other symptoms of helminthesis.However, it is advisable to start a diagnosis with regular fecal analysis that can be transferred to any clinic.
Important!Treatment should be started only after parasite tests have been performed in adults, and the confirmation of helminth invasion is obtained.Taking drugs in case of parasitic infection can lead to serious complications.
Medical recommendations vary in childhood in a relatively early diagnosis.It is necessary to overcome egg reading enterobiosis and feces twice a year.Such tests are needed for parasites in the child before visiting a garden and school.And under no circumstances should we start the prevention, which comes with food treatment and the quality of drinking water.